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Swastikas spray-painted on Bulgaria synagogue

Unidentified individuals spray-painted swastikas on a synagogue in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, over the weekend, a former leader of the country’s Jewish community told JNS.

Police have no suspects in custody in connection with the incident, Alexander Oscar, the former president of the Organization of the Jews in Bulgaria “Shalom,” told JNS.

Antisemitic incidents are rare in Bulgaria, which had roughly 2,000 people who identified as Jewish in 2020, according to a report published that year.

The Zion Synagogue of Plovdiv was built in the 19th century atop the foundations of an earlier synagogue, constructed in 1711. The interior features an intricate wooden Torah ark and frescoes restored in the 2000s with donations from the U.S. Commission for the Preservation of American Heritage Abroad.

The ruins of a far earlier synagogue, dating back to the late 3rd century CE, were discovered in Plovdiv in the 1980s, during the construction of a block of flats. Its mosaics were moved to the local archaeology museum.

When that synagogue was constructed, Plovdiv was known as Philippopolis—a major city and trading center on the route that connected Constantinople with Europe.

Incident Details

Type of Incident: Graffiti
Date of Incident: January 17, 2026
City: Plovdiv
Country: Bulgaria

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About Sentinel

SENTINEL is a European project funded by the European Commission and led by the Security and Crisis Centre (SACC by EJC), the security arm of the European Jewish Congress. It brings together the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT), national-level Jewish communities from Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, and Spain, the European Union of Jewish Students, with the support of the Italian Carabinieri and the Police Presidium of the Czech Republic.

The project is designed to strengthen the protection of Jewish places of worship across the European Union through a coordinated set of activities over a three-year period.

SENTINEL will harness AI-enhanced open-source intelligence to monitor and assess current, emerging, and future threats. It will also equip Jewish communities with practical tools, including a mobile security application with a panic button and an interactive map built on real-time incident data.

Training and capacity-building are at the core of the project. These include scenario-based security exercises, crisis management seminars, and both in-person and online training sessions for community security trustees. SENTINEL will also organise EU-wide and local conferences to foster collaboration between Jewish communities, public authorities, and law enforcement agencies.

Complementing these efforts, national and local workshops will promote knowledge-sharing and preparedness, alongside pilot training programmes for law enforcement. A dedicated podcast series will help raise awareness by exploring threat assessments and potential responses.

With its wide-reaching and inclusive approach, SENTINEL will directly benefit to Jewish communities across 23 EU Member States, enhancing resilience, strengthening preparedness, and building long-term cooperation with law enforcement to meet today’s evolving security challenges.